Start googling. Hardware or Software based? How techy are you? RAID should not be considered for backup. Think of it as an individual drive. Still needs a backup. Personally I use a ZFS pool in my Linux homelab that’s been rock solid. However the pucker factor would be high if a drive fails.
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Depends on how you set them up. There are calculators online that can estimate this for you.
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I used NAS drives bc they’re expected to be spinning a lot.
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No. You will see better performance on average compared to your slowest drive.
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I have no relevant experience with specific hardware. For a general base of knowledge figure out what RAID type you want to use. Look at what ZFS or btrfs can do in this space. Same for unraid.
That’s a really great idea. I know at least 2 of the drives are from the same batch so it would be good to rotate things in and out. Thanks!